Bankruptcy can eliminate your legal responsibility to clear most, if not all, of your financial obligations. You may be able to stop the foreclosure process on your house or mobile home, providing an opportunity to rectify any defaulted payments, inhibit the repossession of an automobile or other assets (or, on certain occasions, compel the creditor to return the property even post-repossession); bring an end to garnishment, debt collection correspondence, and other actions taken by creditors to recover a debt; and reinstate or forestall the discontinuation of utility services.
Frequently Asked Questions
Click for answers to the questions we hear frequently.
Do I Need a Certain Amount of Debt to File?
There’s no minimum amount of debt you need in order to file for a Chapter 7 or Chapter 13 bankruptcy. That being said, it’s important to consider your individual decision before choosing to file. While you can file with less debt, keep in mind that bankruptcy will require you to rebuild your credit after. Furthermore, individuals with less debt may have a harder time convincing the court that a discharge is needed.
Will I Lose Anything if I File for Personal Bankruptcy?
Yes. If you file for Chapter 7 bankruptcy, your nonexempt assets will be liquidated to repay your creditors. These include all personal items that are not necessary for your daily life, such as personal electronics and jewelry. Conversely, exempt items – integral to your day-to-day life or your occupation – are safeguarded. These often include your household goods, your home, your vehicle, and any items you need to perform your job.
When Do I Get Relief from Creditor Harassment?
As soon as you file for bankruptcy, the automatic stay goes into effect. This is a court order that prohibits your creditors from attempting to collect your debt. If collection attempts continue after the automatic stay goes into effect, do not make payments. You can potentially sue your creditors for harassment. However, it is important to remember that not all debt collection attempts are suspended by the automatic stay. You still have to pay your child and spousal support.
Does My Spouse Have to File Jointly with Me?
No, the Bankruptcy Code does not require married couples to file together. If most of the debt is in your name only, you can file your bankruptcy case alone. Certain debts, like medical bills and debts made in both spouses’ names, are both parties’ responsibility. In cases like this, it can be beneficial for spouses to file their bankruptcy jointly.
Who Knows About My Personal Bankruptcy Case?
Only you, the court, and anybody you choose to tell about the bankruptcy will know about your case. Although bankruptcy filings are public records, it is rare for parties outside a case to seek this information.
Will I Be Able to Rent After I File for Personal Bankruptcy?
Yes. However, it can be difficult to have a lease application accepted if you have bad credit and a bankruptcy case on your credit history. Using bankruptcy to reduce your personal debt can actually help you secure a lease in some cases – by removing your debt, you can appear to be a better credit risk than other applicants.
How Do I Know if I Should File for Personal Bankruptcy?
If you are facing a level of personal debt that you cannot realistically repay on your own, bankruptcy might be the right course of action. If you are facing threatening collection calls, wage garnishment, foreclosure on your home, or repossession of your vehicle, filing for bankruptcy can be a way to make these actions stop.
Is Filing for Personal Bankruptcy Immoral? Does it Make me a Bad Person?
Not at all. Bankruptcy is a tool to use to reduce your outstanding, insurmountable debt. Often, debt is the result of circumstances out of a person’s direct control. As an American citizen, you have the right to file for bankruptcy to have your debt discharged. We believe that everyone deserves a fresh start, and bankruptcy can provide a pathway to a better future.
Can I Get Rid of Student Loans or Tax Debts?
Generally, student loan debts cannot be discharged through bankruptcy. In cases where they can be demonstrated to cause an “undue hardship,” though, it is possible to have them discharged.
Handling tax debts through bankruptcy is a bit more complicated. Tax debts older than three years can generally be discharged through bankruptcy, but this depends on the circumstances of your case’s filing. If a tax debt cannot be discharged through bankruptcy, it can be part of a Chapter 13 repayment plan.
Can I Get Credit After Filing for Personal Bankruptcy?
Yes. In fact, you are encouraged to seek new credit after you file for bankruptcy in order to rebuild your credit score. Credit is your ability to borrow money. Certain financial institutions specifically seek individuals who have filed for bankruptcy to offer them credit. Making small purchases, knowing how much money you have in your bank account and paying your balance on time can all help you improve your credit after filing.
Chapter 7: What Discharge Means for Liability and Creditors?
A Chapter 7 bankruptcy discharge releases you, the debtor, from liability for most of your debts while also stopping collections against you by creditors. If you owe a creditor a large amount of money, they may still get some money, but only via the trustee selling nonexempt assets you have. They will have no basis for collecting past debts.
What Debts Are Discharged in a Chapter 7 Bankruptcy?
Typically, you need to talk with professional bankruptcy attorneys to help you with this part of Chapter 7 discharge. You can expect the majority of your debts to be discharged, but some of your assets may be too valuable and could be sold. For instance, if you live alone in your home valued well over $100,000, you lose it. There are ways around that, especially if you work with professional bankruptcy attorneys.
What Are the Grounds for Rejection of Chapter 7 Bankruptcy?
You can be rejected for discharge in Chapter 7 bankruptcy via a variety of means, depending on your particular situation. If you, for instance, failed to keep adequate financial records, couldn’t explain your loss of assets, or committed perjury, you can be denied discharge. In other cases, a bankruptcy discharge may be rejected if the individual has a history of bankruptcy fraud, did not follow the court’s instruction or attempted to conceal or fraudulently sell property that was a part of the debtor’s estate.
Chapter 7: What Happens to Secured Debt?
Secured creditors may still have the right to seize property in some cases. This is where counsel is most important. It gets complicated, but if you bought a car and made an outside agreement that you wanted to keep it, you could make payments on the debt. The creditor would have the right to repossess the car if you failed to make payments, even with the discharge.
What Debts Aren’t Discharged in a Chapter 7 Bankruptcy?
The process of filing for a Chapter 7 bankruptcy does not necessarily mean all outstanding debts will be discharged. Certain obligations remain non-dischargeable, meaning you are still responsible for their repayment. This includes alimony, child support, some taxes, student loans, debts for death or personal injury caused by your motor vehicle, debts for injury to another person, and others. It is crucial to understand that certain obligations, due to their nature and societal impact, remain beyond the reach of bankruptcy discharge. Therefore, careful planning and a comprehensive understanding of these nuances are essential when considering bankruptcy as a route toward financial recovery.
What Happens After Bankruptcy?
Once your bankruptcy has been finalized and the court has granted the discharge of your debts, creditors can no longer attempt to collect debts from you. However, if you’ve developed further debts after the bankruptcy, these can be collected. Overall, your task after a Chapter 7 bankruptcy is to rebuild your credit and develop healthy financial habits.
Schedule A Free Consultation
At Whitten & Whitten, we offer a free consultation during which we will examine the facts of your case and advise you on how best to proceed